![\"Aerial](\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/04\/pmss3193-1024x694.jpg\")
<\/a>Aerial view of campus. Arthur Dodd photograph, c. 1940. [pmss3193.jpg]<\/p><\/div>\n
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BUILT ENVIRONMENT:\u00a0MAPS OF PINE MOUNTAIN SETTLEMENT SCHOOL CAMPUS<\/strong><\/h3>\n![\"pmss_drawn_map001\"](\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/pmss_drawn_map001-1024x764.jpg\")
<\/a>Recent hand-drawn map. North is at bottom of map.[pmss_drawn_map001.jpg]<\/p><\/div>
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![\"PMSSmap2004\"](\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/PMSSmap2004-1024x634.jpg\")
<\/a>Map drawn by Mary Rogers., c. 1950s [? ] North is at top of map.\u00a0[PMSSmap2004.jpg]<\/p><\/div>
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![\"Map](\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/map_hand_colored_001-1024x744.jpg\")
<\/a>Map of Pine Mountain Settlement School by Anon. [map_hand_colored_001.jpg<\/p><\/div>
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![\"map_area_001\"](\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/map_area_001-1024x795.jpg\")
<\/a>Map of area and routes to the School. [map_area_001.jpg]<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n
\nBUILT ENVIRONMENT<\/h3>\n
The very early buildings on the campus were the essential institutional structures. These buildings included structures such as Old Log<\/a>,\u00a0Big Log<\/a>, and Burkham School House<\/a>,\u00a0used\u00a0to house students and\/or staff and provide office space and educational space. Throughout the history of the School, many of the buildings were re-purposed as required by changes in programs or additions to or reductions in staff. \u00a0Following the re-purposing, some of the buildings were re-named. For example, Big Log<\/a>\u00a0first held staff and\u00a0students and later became the primary residence for Directors. Boy’s House<\/a> was the primary residence for boys during the Boarding School years and later became the Library<\/a>.<\/p>\nDormitory space\u00a0for students was of primary concern as the School grew and as it accommodated an older population during the boarding high school years. For example, during the boarding school years, the campus grew rapidly under the direction of\u00a0Glyn Morris<\/a>\u00a0(1931 – 1941) and there was an urgent need to look at housing for\u00a0the growing student and staff population. Morris evaluated programs, student population and staffing and what new construction would be necessary to accommodate the needs of the School. Two new buildings, one for girls and one for boys, were designed by Mary Rockwell Hook<\/a>, the School architect,\u00a0to meet the growing need for housing. However, they were planned just on the cusp of an economic downturn in the school finances, a re-structure in county education and the departure of Morris in 1941.\u00a0Only one of the designed buildings was\u00a0constructed before the Boarding School closed in 1949. This was building was West Wind<\/a>.<\/p>\nA plan was outlined and articulated by Director Morris in his report to the Board of Trustees, (c. 1940), as follows:<\/p>\n
F. Future Building<\/em><\/p>\nIt seems agreed by the Board and Mr. Morris that a hundred boarding pupils is about the ideal number for Pine Mountain and that there is at present no intention of expanding beyond that, feeling that this is about the right number to conserve the quality and training tradition at Pine Mountain.<\/em><\/p>\nIt is also agreed that about twenty-five is the maximum\u00a0number of boys or girls to live in one house, that a certain individual\u00a0approach and a home atmosphere is apt to be\u00a0sacrificed if the number exceeds that. It is, therefore, the plan to have eventually the two girls houses, each accommodating twenty-five located up on the ridge near Pole House and near the site of the present Far House<\/a>. The second boy’s house to be placed in Saw Mill Hollow, thus concentrating the boys at the lower end of the school grounds, the girls at the upper, with Laurel House, School House<\/a>, and Chapel<\/a>, between.<\/em><\/p>\nIt is constantly kept in mind that any new buildings must be\u00a0kept simple but practical, must be\u00a0in keeping with the purpose of the school, and must be\u00a0appropriate to the mountain setting, yet expressive of that distinct and artistic quality we all feel here.<\/em><\/p>\nIt is hoped\u00a0that the second girl’s house can be\u00a0built in 1941 thus releasing Big Log for the much needed Guest House. <\/em>[This “girls house” refers to West Wind<\/a> that did see completion of construction but was soon turned over to the need for a hospital.]<\/p>\nIf the Infirmary<\/a>\u00a0grows in the service as it has in the past year it will have to be\u00a0expanded and replaced. It is to be hoped that some funds …<\/em><\/p>\n“Funds” was a key word. By 1940 the campus built environment was beginning to show its age and new structures in addition to maintenance on the older structures was taking its toll on capital funding. Further, the programs at the School following the closure of the boarding school did not demand continuous residency in dormitories.<\/p>\n
Today, as programming changes\u00a0at the School, the demands on the built environment continue to change. The complex maintenance of some 23 existing structures remains of\u00a0constant concern to the Board and to the Director who governs the day to day operation of the institution. As\u00a0the built environment continues to age, the maintenance demands continue to eclipse the ability to design and build new structures that would be more accommodating of new programming. Today, the delicate dance between attention to the historical importance of the built environment of the School and the need to focus attention on current and future programming for the institution is demanding increased attention\u00a0from the Director, from all staff who work at the School and the Board of Trustees who monitor the health and sustainability of the institution and its built environment.<\/p>\n
Pine Mountain was placed on the National Register of Historic Landmarks<\/a>\u00a0in 1993, an honor that expanded the base of concern for the built environment of this unique rural settlement school to one of national importance. This designation is an honor and one that comes with responsibility. Pine Mountain has been a good steward of the designation to the extent that its funding can keep pace with the maintenance needs. As a National Register of Historic Landmarks site, Pine Mountain is an asset to the local area and to the state of Kentucky.<\/p>\nTo view a copy of the registration and nomination form for Pine Mountain Settlement School that was submitted to the National Parks System (U.S. Department of the Interior), see:\u00a0http:\/\/pdfhost.focus.nps.gov\/docs\/NHLS\/Text\/78001337.pdf<\/a><\/p>\nA brief list of central buildingsand dates follows in alphabetical order<\/p>\n
Barn (1915) “Designed by Ethel de Long on the suggestions of three architects.” Housed dairy herd, equipment. Milk House adjacent to barn. Silo removed c.1952-3.<\/p>\n
Big Log House (1913-1914) First new\u00a0building constructed. Design by Mary Rockwell Hook<\/p>\n
Boys House [Library] (1919) Remodelled to house Library in 1959. Remodeled for EE Exhibition and instruction 1973. Remodeled for Gift Shop Room, 1996, again in 2017. Archive move completed in 2018. Cafe installed, 2018.<\/p>\n
Chapel (1922-24) Designed\u00a0 by Mary Rockwell Hook with adjustments made by Luigi Zande to stone-work of an interior arch.<\/p>\n
Creech Cabin (1870) Original home of William and Sally Creech. Moved to site in 1926. Moved again near campus original site and restored in 1990.<\/p>\n
Far House I (1917-18) Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook<\/p>\n
Far House II (1997)\u00a0Pre-cut log structure constructed on site of original Far House I. Stone terrace was preserved.<\/span><\/p>\nFarm House (1916-1917) Building enlarged in 1918. Student dwelling and later staff dwelling. 2017 guest lodging.<\/p>\n
Gas Pump (c. 1930) Tank removal 1998.<\/p>\n
Girl’s Industrial [Plant Center] (1921 ?)\u00a0 Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook [?], possibly Luigi Zande, to complement early Boy’s Industrial (destroyed by fire) Home Economics classes, Industrial training. Weaving and sewing room. Print shop. Primary school classrooms. Later EE classroom (Plant Center and E. J. Carr Colletion].<\/p>\n
Infirmary [Clinic] (1921) Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook. Wings added in 1929. Use included hospital and clinic, staff residence and 2010 guest lodging.<\/p>\n
Jubilee House (1941) Built with Silver Jubilee funds for doctor residence. Staff housing.<\/p>\n
Laurel House (1940) Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook to replace her original Laurel House I (1914) which burned in 1940. Kitchen and central dining space, staff apartments. Co-op store. Meeting space. Later Guest lodging.<\/p>\n
Office (1919) Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook and adjusted by Ethel de Long and Luigi Zande. Bathroom added 1955.<\/p>\n
Practice House [Country Cottage; Model Home] (1922) Model home for boarding school girls. Staff residence. Remodeled in 1940 and bedroom and bath added c.1953]<\/p>\n
Tool Shed II (1951) Built by Quaker Summer Camp and staff. Replaced earlier (1914) stone tool house.<\/p>\n
West Wind (1941) Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook with an original flat roof. Roofline changed in late 1940s. (1946?)\u00a0 Planned as Giorl’s Dormitory. Hospital from 1949 to mid-1950s. Guest lodging.<\/p>\n
Zande House (1917-1918) Designed and built by Luigi Zande, for new wife, Ethel de Long Zande, co-founder of school. Remodeled in 1983. Sold to School following death of Ethel de Long in 1928. Staff residence and later guest housing.<\/p>\n
\nSee Also:<\/strong><\/p>\n043 VI FN OCCUPATIONS SCHOOLS LOCAL HOUSES BUILDINGS (Pages)<\/strong><\/a> – Images of album pages of photographs; Series VI (1913-1940), #43-47 and Series VII, #63-64.<\/p>\n1926 INVENTORY OF BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\nGUIDE TO ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\nGUIDE TO BUILT ENVIRONMENT<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\nLAND USE PLAN FOR PINE MOUNTAIN, c. 1913<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\nSeries 10: BUILT ENVIRONMENT\u00a0(Physical Plant)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\nSeries 12: LAND USE<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\nGLYN MORRIS Letter to Alice Cobb 1976<\/a>\u00a0 Condition of buildings, 1976<\/strong><\/p>\n
\nBUILT ENVIRONMENT: INVENTORY LIST<\/h3>\n
<\/a>Recent hand-drawn map. North is at bottom of map.[pmss_drawn_map001.jpg]<\/p><\/div>
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<\/a>Map drawn by Mary Rogers., c. 1950s [? ] North is at top of map.\u00a0[PMSSmap2004.jpg]<\/p><\/div>
\n
<\/a>Map of Pine Mountain Settlement School by Anon. [map_hand_colored_001.jpg<\/p><\/div>
\n
<\/a>Map of area and routes to the School. [map_area_001.jpg]<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n
\n
BUILT ENVIRONMENT<\/h3>\n
The very early buildings on the campus were the essential institutional structures. These buildings included structures such as Old Log<\/a>,\u00a0Big Log<\/a>, and Burkham School House<\/a>,\u00a0used\u00a0to house students and\/or staff and provide office space and educational space. Throughout the history of the School, many of the buildings were re-purposed as required by changes in programs or additions to or reductions in staff. \u00a0Following the re-purposing, some of the buildings were re-named. For example, Big Log<\/a>\u00a0first held staff and\u00a0students and later became the primary residence for Directors. Boy’s House<\/a> was the primary residence for boys during the Boarding School years and later became the Library<\/a>.<\/p>\n Dormitory space\u00a0for students was of primary concern as the School grew and as it accommodated an older population during the boarding high school years. For example, during the boarding school years, the campus grew rapidly under the direction of\u00a0Glyn Morris<\/a>\u00a0(1931 – 1941) and there was an urgent need to look at housing for\u00a0the growing student and staff population. Morris evaluated programs, student population and staffing and what new construction would be necessary to accommodate the needs of the School. Two new buildings, one for girls and one for boys, were designed by Mary Rockwell Hook<\/a>, the School architect,\u00a0to meet the growing need for housing. However, they were planned just on the cusp of an economic downturn in the school finances, a re-structure in county education and the departure of Morris in 1941.\u00a0Only one of the designed buildings was\u00a0constructed before the Boarding School closed in 1949. This was building was West Wind<\/a>.<\/p>\n A plan was outlined and articulated by Director Morris in his report to the Board of Trustees, (c. 1940), as follows:<\/p>\n F. Future Building<\/em><\/p>\n It seems agreed by the Board and Mr. Morris that a hundred boarding pupils is about the ideal number for Pine Mountain and that there is at present no intention of expanding beyond that, feeling that this is about the right number to conserve the quality and training tradition at Pine Mountain.<\/em><\/p>\n It is also agreed that about twenty-five is the maximum\u00a0number of boys or girls to live in one house, that a certain individual\u00a0approach and a home atmosphere is apt to be\u00a0sacrificed if the number exceeds that. It is, therefore, the plan to have eventually the two girls houses, each accommodating twenty-five located up on the ridge near Pole House and near the site of the present Far House<\/a>. The second boy’s house to be placed in Saw Mill Hollow, thus concentrating the boys at the lower end of the school grounds, the girls at the upper, with Laurel House, School House<\/a>, and Chapel<\/a>, between.<\/em><\/p>\n It is constantly kept in mind that any new buildings must be\u00a0kept simple but practical, must be\u00a0in keeping with the purpose of the school, and must be\u00a0appropriate to the mountain setting, yet expressive of that distinct and artistic quality we all feel here.<\/em><\/p>\n It is hoped\u00a0that the second girl’s house can be\u00a0built in 1941 thus releasing Big Log for the much needed Guest House. <\/em>[This “girls house” refers to West Wind<\/a> that did see completion of construction but was soon turned over to the need for a hospital.]<\/p>\n If the Infirmary<\/a>\u00a0grows in the service as it has in the past year it will have to be\u00a0expanded and replaced. It is to be hoped that some funds …<\/em><\/p>\n “Funds” was a key word. By 1940 the campus built environment was beginning to show its age and new structures in addition to maintenance on the older structures was taking its toll on capital funding. Further, the programs at the School following the closure of the boarding school did not demand continuous residency in dormitories.<\/p>\n Today, as programming changes\u00a0at the School, the demands on the built environment continue to change. The complex maintenance of some 23 existing structures remains of\u00a0constant concern to the Board and to the Director who governs the day to day operation of the institution. As\u00a0the built environment continues to age, the maintenance demands continue to eclipse the ability to design and build new structures that would be more accommodating of new programming. Today, the delicate dance between attention to the historical importance of the built environment of the School and the need to focus attention on current and future programming for the institution is demanding increased attention\u00a0from the Director, from all staff who work at the School and the Board of Trustees who monitor the health and sustainability of the institution and its built environment.<\/p>\n Pine Mountain was placed on the National Register of Historic Landmarks<\/a>\u00a0in 1993, an honor that expanded the base of concern for the built environment of this unique rural settlement school to one of national importance. This designation is an honor and one that comes with responsibility. Pine Mountain has been a good steward of the designation to the extent that its funding can keep pace with the maintenance needs. As a National Register of Historic Landmarks site, Pine Mountain is an asset to the local area and to the state of Kentucky.<\/p>\n To view a copy of the registration and nomination form for Pine Mountain Settlement School that was submitted to the National Parks System (U.S. Department of the Interior), see:\u00a0http:\/\/pdfhost.focus.nps.gov\/docs\/NHLS\/Text\/78001337.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n A brief list of central buildingsand dates follows in alphabetical order<\/p>\n Barn (1915) “Designed by Ethel de Long on the suggestions of three architects.” Housed dairy herd, equipment. Milk House adjacent to barn. Silo removed c.1952-3.<\/p>\n Big Log House (1913-1914) First new\u00a0building constructed. Design by Mary Rockwell Hook<\/p>\n Boys House [Library] (1919) Remodelled to house Library in 1959. Remodeled for EE Exhibition and instruction 1973. Remodeled for Gift Shop Room, 1996, again in 2017. Archive move completed in 2018. Cafe installed, 2018.<\/p>\n Chapel (1922-24) Designed\u00a0 by Mary Rockwell Hook with adjustments made by Luigi Zande to stone-work of an interior arch.<\/p>\n Creech Cabin (1870) Original home of William and Sally Creech. Moved to site in 1926. Moved again near campus original site and restored in 1990.<\/p>\n Far House I (1917-18) Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook<\/p>\n Far House II (1997)\u00a0Pre-cut log structure constructed on site of original Far House I. Stone terrace was preserved.<\/span><\/p>\n Farm House (1916-1917) Building enlarged in 1918. Student dwelling and later staff dwelling. 2017 guest lodging.<\/p>\n Gas Pump (c. 1930) Tank removal 1998.<\/p>\n Girl’s Industrial [Plant Center] (1921 ?)\u00a0 Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook [?], possibly Luigi Zande, to complement early Boy’s Industrial (destroyed by fire) Home Economics classes, Industrial training. Weaving and sewing room. Print shop. Primary school classrooms. Later EE classroom (Plant Center and E. J. Carr Colletion].<\/p>\n Infirmary [Clinic] (1921) Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook. Wings added in 1929. Use included hospital and clinic, staff residence and 2010 guest lodging.<\/p>\n Jubilee House (1941) Built with Silver Jubilee funds for doctor residence. Staff housing.<\/p>\n Laurel House (1940) Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook to replace her original Laurel House I (1914) which burned in 1940. Kitchen and central dining space, staff apartments. Co-op store. Meeting space. Later Guest lodging.<\/p>\n Office (1919) Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook and adjusted by Ethel de Long and Luigi Zande. Bathroom added 1955.<\/p>\n Practice House [Country Cottage; Model Home] (1922) Model home for boarding school girls. Staff residence. Remodeled in 1940 and bedroom and bath added c.1953]<\/p>\n Tool Shed II (1951) Built by Quaker Summer Camp and staff. Replaced earlier (1914) stone tool house.<\/p>\n West Wind (1941) Designed by Mary Rockwell Hook with an original flat roof. Roofline changed in late 1940s. (1946?)\u00a0 Planned as Giorl’s Dormitory. Hospital from 1949 to mid-1950s. Guest lodging.<\/p>\n Zande House (1917-1918) Designed and built by Luigi Zande, for new wife, Ethel de Long Zande, co-founder of school. Remodeled in 1983. Sold to School following death of Ethel de Long in 1928. Staff residence and later guest housing.<\/p>\n See Also:<\/strong><\/p>\n 043 VI FN OCCUPATIONS SCHOOLS LOCAL HOUSES BUILDINGS (Pages)<\/strong><\/a> – Images of album pages of photographs; Series VI (1913-1940), #43-47 and Series VII, #63-64.<\/p>\n 1926 INVENTORY OF BUILDINGS AND EQUIPMENT<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n GUIDE TO ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n GUIDE TO BUILT ENVIRONMENT<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n LAND USE PLAN FOR PINE MOUNTAIN, c. 1913<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n Series 10: BUILT ENVIRONMENT\u00a0(Physical Plant)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n Series 12: LAND USE<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n GLYN MORRIS Letter to Alice Cobb 1976<\/a>\u00a0 Condition of buildings, 1976<\/strong><\/p>\n
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\nBUILT ENVIRONMENT: INVENTORY LIST<\/h3>\n