{"id":20196,"date":"2015-03-27T15:41:24","date_gmt":"2015-03-27T19:41:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/getitright.pmss.net\/?page_id=20196"},"modified":"2017-05-05T11:51:30","modified_gmt":"2017-05-05T15:51:30","slug":"saw-mill","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/?page_id=20196","title":{"rendered":"SAWMILL"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Pine Mountain Settlement School<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong> Series 10: \u00a0Built Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><strong>SAWMILL<\/strong> (1913 &#8211; 1914)<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h2>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>TAGS:<\/strong> \u00a0sawmills ; logging ; lumber ; wood ; buildings ; built environment ; forestry ; saws ; milling wood ; Horace McSwain ; Fitzhugh ; Katherine Pettit ; Ethel de Long ; Frick Company, Waynesboro, PA ; boileres ; freight rates ; Dillon, KY ; Laden, KY ; railroads ; oxen ; timber ; Incline railway ; tramways ;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Miss Katherine Pettit wrote in early 1913:<strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>We are about to place and order with the Frick Company of Waynesboro, Pennsylvania, for a saw-mlll.\u00a0\u00a0The only saw-mill anywhere around here is so dilapidated as to be almost useless, and we feel that the best economy for us is to have a mill of our own, since we shall probably be needing it for several years. The Frick people are giving us splendid discounts, but we shall be under very heavy expense &#8221;or hauling, since we must pay seventy cents a hundred for hauling for everything that comes to us from the outside world.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>And how right she was. The transportation of the large boiler for the mill had an adventure as it was moved from the Dillon\u00a0or Laden station on the South side of the mountain where it arrived by train. \u00a0Up and across Pine Mountain, before the Laden Trail road was built, mules and men pushed and pulled the cumbersome equipment. \u00a0The men entrusted with its safe journey to Pine Mountain knew how valuable\u00a0the piece of equipment would be to the creation of the School, but it was one of the most demanding tasks any had seen in their many journeys across the mountain. \u00a0Several times as they made their way on the mountain, especially on the steep North side, they held their breath as the large boiler teetered and sometimes tottered on the edge of disaster.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fitzhugh<\/strong>\u00a0[Lane [?], \u00a0a local man who had experience with saw mills had been secured by\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/?page_id=424\">Katherine Pettit<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/?page_id=1696\">Ethel de Long<\/a> from a \u00a0job in Jenkins to run the saw mill and to oversee its installation. His position was a temporary one to assist the School in getting the new mill up and running. He was aided by <strong>Horace McSwain<\/strong>, Pine Mountain&#8217;s first farmer, who learned the skill of the mill&#8217;s operation and also soon supervised the mill crew. \u00a0Ethel de Long notes in her May 24, 1913, letter to the board and friends of the School that<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>Fitzhugh will be able to run the saw-mill when it comes, and is valuable to us in many ways. He left a very good position at Jenkins, Kentucky, to come here to help us.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_20203\" style=\"width: 635px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_033a.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20203\" class=\"size-large wp-image-20203\" src=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_033a-1024x573.jpg\" alt=\"Sawmill. The eight oxen that hauled the boiler over Pine Mountain, 1913. roe_033a.jpg\" width=\"625\" height=\"350\" srcset=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_033a-1024x573.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_033a-300x168.jpg 300w, http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_033a-624x349.jpg 624w, http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_033a.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-20203\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sawmill. The eight oxen that hauled the boiler over Pine Mountain, 1913. roe_033a.jpg<\/p><\/div>\n<p>On August 4, 1913,\u00a0Miss Pettit\u00a0writes to friends and the board<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>Miss de Long is making an effort to get the money for the timber that it still seems to us our School should own. We have a man now who is acquainted with the different classes of trees going over the land estimating the lumber that can be cut. He is finding much more and valuable timber than we expected. The people who own the Incline road across Pine Mountain seven miles from her are extending the tramway to within two miles of us, to take out all of the merchantable trees. We shall probably never have another such an opportunity as this again.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>All during July I felt quite sure that I could begin this letter by saying that the new sawmill was on the ground sawing up the great piles of logs that the people here have cut and given to the School, Today finds us with\u00a0part of it on our lumber yard, part at Incline, and part at Ross Point. <strong>Fitzhugh<\/strong> has gone today to take care of the engine as it comes across Pine Mountain on the Incline [rail] road. The effort to get it here is a difficult one. The men who brought the boiler in with eight oxen said to me &#8220;This is a safe and easy way compared to that risky Incline road across Pine Mountain. Some places the small steel rails are broken or slipped apart at the end and a piece of wood is supplied for a rail. Many places the cross ties are rotten under the little rails. Everybody was careful and came so slowly that we had only one wreck.&#8221; \u00a0The well on top of Pine Mountain which furnishes the water to run this road [Incline] is often dry and they have to wait between trips for the water to run in. Mr. McSwain, our farmer went down and suggested that they clean the mud out of the well which helped some.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>It was a picturesque sight to see the eight yoke of oxen coming up the narrow, rough, short-curved road to the school grounds with the boiler. \u00a0The two drivers managed it well. Three other men were behind to hold the boom pole to keep it from turning over the banks. &#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Fitzhugh apparently did not last long and by\u00a01914\u00a0MIss de Long writes to friends and the board that the farmer, <strong>Horace McSwain<\/strong>, was put in charge of the mill. \u00a0She\u00a0says of McSwain and the sawmill<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\u00a0&#8220;<em>He has had to be at\u00a0the sawmill\u00a0all the time, largely because he has not known what minute one of his\u00a0hands would have to escape to the woods. You\u00a0see this is not a conventional community and many of our best\u00a0workers have indictments against them,\u00a0for shooting, fighting, or even being mixed up in a murder case. Since this is\u00a0the month when court convenes the men with indictments\u00a0against them are all afraid the sheriffs may be after them&#8230;.&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Finally the mill was in place and logs were beginning to be cut and boards piled high on the School grounds to meet the carpentry\u00a0needs of early construction. \u00a0In early 1914 the &#8220;Dear Friend&#8221; letter reveals that the &#8220;splendid mill&#8221; was in place and operating.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8220;<em>When we have not so much as a plank for a tiny bookshelf in this country of wonderful trees but not sawmills, we think of our splendid mill, given us by a friend who well understood our needs, waiting and ready for the great chestnut and poplar logs that are being cut from the School forest. &#8230;&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_20204\" style=\"width: 635px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_027b.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20204\" class=\"size-large wp-image-20204\" src=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_027b-1024x756.jpg\" alt=\"Sawmill. Stacked lumber waiting to dry for use in campus building, c. 1914-15 roe_027b.jpg\" width=\"625\" height=\"461\" srcset=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_027b-1024x756.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_027b-300x222.jpg 300w, http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_027b-624x461.jpg 624w, http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_027b.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-20204\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sawmill. Stacked lumber waiting to dry for use in campus building, c. 1914-15 roe_027b.jpg<\/p><\/div>\n<p>By November 14, 1914, Ethel de Long writes in a\u00a0<em>Letter to Friends:<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><em>&#8220;For a year and a half we have cleared forest, cleaned out streams, ditched marsh land, hewn logs, made roads, built houses, planted fruit trees, and &#8216;laid by&#8217; crops. At last we have a roof over our heads and a harvest gathered; we can take breath to write you of the school in the wilderness!&#8221;<\/em><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_20202\" style=\"width: 635px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_028a.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20202\" class=\"size-large wp-image-20202\" src=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_028a-1024x593.jpg\" alt=\"Sawmill. Hauling cut lumber from the mill to stack for drying, c. 1913-14 roe_028a.jpg\" width=\"625\" height=\"362\" srcset=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_028a-1024x593.jpg 1024w, http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_028a-300x174.jpg 300w, http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_028a-624x361.jpg 624w, http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/roe_028a.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-20202\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sawmill. Hauling cut lumber from the mill to stack for drying, c. 1913-14 roe_028a.jpg<\/p><\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div align=\"center\">\n<table border=\"0\" width=\"96%\" cellspacing=\"3\" cellpadding=\"5\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"2\" width=\"100%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Title<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Saw Mill<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Identifier<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Creator<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Pine Mountain Settlement School<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Alt. Creator<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Subject<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Keyword :<br \/>\nPine Mountain Settlement School, KY ; settlement schools ; farm ; Katherine Pettit ; Ethel de Long Zande ; Glyn Morris ;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Subject\u00a0 LCSH :<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Sawmills &#8212; Kentucky.<br \/>\nLogging &#8212; Kentucky.<br \/>\nLogging.<br \/>\nSawmills.<br \/>\nKentucky &#8212; Sawmills<br \/>\nEducation &#8212; Appalachian Region<br \/>\nPine Mountain Settlement School &#8212; History<br \/>\nRural schools &#8212; Appalachian Region, Southern<br \/>\nRural schools &#8212; Kentucky &#8212; History<br \/>\nSchools &#8212; Appalachian Region<br \/>\nFarms &#8212; Appalachian Region<br \/>\nPettit, Katherine<br \/>\nZande, Ethel de Long<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Date original<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">\u00a0n\/a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Date digital<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">2012-06-30 ; 2015-03-27<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Publisher<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Pine Moutain Settlement School, Pine Mountain, KY<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Contributor<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Type<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Image\/JPEG<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Format<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Source type: Collection of Photographs ; misc. formats ; aggregated data<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Source<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">PMSS Series 10 Physical Plant<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Language<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">English<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Relation<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Kentucky Virtual Library collections &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.kyvl.org\/\">http:\/\/www.kyvl.org\/<\/a>&gt;<br \/>\nBerea College Southern Appalachian Archives<br \/>\nhttp:\/\/www.berea.edu\/library\/Special\/saarchives.html<br \/>\nTransylvania College Archives &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.transy.edu\/libspcoll.html\">http:\/\/www.transy.edu\/libspcoll.html<\/a>&gt;<br \/>\nUniv. of KY Appalachian Archives &lt;<a href=\"gopher:\/\/gopher.uky.edu\/1MENU%20LIBRARY!191\/APPAL.INFO\">gopher:\/\/gopher.uky.edu\/1MENU%20LIBRARY%21191\/APPAL.INFO<\/a>&gt;<br \/>\n3D Pine Mountain Settlement School &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.kingdomcome.org\/maps\/pmss.html\">http:\/\/www.kingdomcome.org\/maps\/pmss.html<\/a>&gt;<br \/>\nNational Historic Landmarks Database &lt;<a href=\"http:\/\/tps.cr.nps.gov\/nhl\/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1756&amp;ResourceType=District\">http:\/\/tps.cr.nps.gov\/nhl\/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1756&amp;ResourceType=District<\/a>&gt;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Coverage temporal<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">1913\u00a0&#8211; 1950s ; Pine Mountain Settlement School, Kentucky ; Southern Appalachians<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Rights<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Any display, publication, or public use must credit Pine Mountain Settlement School. Copyright retained by the creators of certain items in the collection, or their descendants, as stipulated by United States copyright law.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Donor<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">n\/a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Description<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Note from Miss Pettit:\u00a0 &#8221; We are about to place and order with the Frick Company of Waynesboro, Pennsylvania, for a saw-mlll.\u00a0\u00a0The only saw-mill anywhere around here is so dilapidated as to he almost useless, and we feel that the best economy for us is to have a mill of our own, since we shall probably be needing it for several years.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The Frick people are giving us splendid discounts, but we shall be under very heavy expense &#8221;or hauling, since we must pay seventy cents a hundred for hauling for everything that comes to us from the outside world.&#8221;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Acquisition<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">n\/a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Citation<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Pine Mountain Settlement School Manuscript Collection, PMSS\u00a0 Library,\u00a0 Bledsoe, KY<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Processed by<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">Helen Wykle 2012-06-30 ; 2015-03-27 ;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"24%\">Last updated<\/td>\n<td valign=\"top\" width=\"82%\">2012-06-30 hhw ; 2015-03-27 hhw ;\u00a02017-0201 hhw ;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>30<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pine Mountain Settlement School Series 10: \u00a0Built Environment SAWMILL (1913 &#8211; 1914) TAGS: \u00a0sawmills ; logging ; lumber ; wood ; buildings ; built environment ; forestry ; saws ; milling wood ; Horace McSwain ; Fitzhugh ; Katherine Pettit ; Ethel de Long ; Frick Company, Waynesboro, PA ; boileres ; freight rates ; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":201,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"page-templates\/full-width.php","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-20196","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v17.1.2 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SAWMILL - PINE MOUNTAIN SETTLEMENT SCHOOL COLLECTIONS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/staging.pinemountainsettlement.net\/?page_id=20196\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SAWMILL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pine Mountain Settlement School Series 10: \u00a0Built Environment SAWMILL (1913 - 1914) TAGS: \u00a0sawmills ; 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